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Are the navy and merchant navy the same?
#1
Only in as much as both operate ships. Merchant vessels are commercial, in that they carry goods or people in order for their owners and operators to make money. Naval vessels, of whichever Navy, are military vessels operating on the orders of the government of their country.

The Merchant Navy persons are civilians, however members of the Navy are military personnel.

Although some jobs and tasks are the same in both navies, such as navigation, or engineering, other areas of expertise are different. Cargo handling, and cargo planning, stability calculations, and everything to do with commercial operations are, of course, part of an merchant navy deck officer’s training, and responsibilities, whereas Navy officers have to deal with weapons, military intelligence and communications, as examples of differences.
Merch people usually work under a contract with a commercial employer, of varying lengths and terms, and are free to do as they please when not actually signed on a ship, whereas Navy people are always subject to Navy discipline and conditions, whether they are signed on a ship or not. Navy people are often shore based, whilst Merch people are only employed on ships.

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